New Gyanam

Titan , the largest satellite of Saturn and second largest known satellite in our solar system, is much weirder than we might think. It is the only heavenly body, after earth, that contains surface liquids in stable forms and only moon with dense atmosphere. Cassini , a collaborative mission between NASA, ESA and ASI, has unveiled many secrets about Titan so far. The latest imagery from the Cassini probe claims that Titan's lakes may have been formed by exploding nitrogen bombs. Yes. their exist Nitrogen, an essential component for all life forms. Titan is mostly composed of icy and rocky materials. Scientists had long believed that these infamous lakes are a result of melting bedrock of ice by Methane. But a new data gathered by Cassini speaks otherwise. The nitrogen exploded below the surface due to increasing temperature resulting in craters, which were filled with liquids later.  No wonder, why NASA is planning a mission to explore this mysterious world by 2026. ...

After getting bored from you lectures, assignments and exams, it's a good idea to go out for a spacewalk. Isn't it?😄 Oh wait! Jumping into a black hole seems to be a better one. Have you ever imagined the situation into a black hole ? What would happen if you enter into it? The reality might be weirder than your expectations. Well, a black hole is that cosmic mystery which may tear apart all the physical laws into pieces. So, you might have to think out of the box. Before entering into the black hole you have to pass the accretion disk which is too hot to be imagined, spitting out Hawking Radiation,  and finally the event horizon. Suppose, anyhow, you have succeeded in overcoming these nightmares, what's next?  There are the opinions of a few intellectuals about the further possibilities: 1. If you were to take a jump into a black hole, your body would most closely resemble "the toothpaste being pushed out of a tube," said Charles Liu, an astrophysi...

There are a number of cosmological models and theories you might have heard about. Many of them answer most of the questions but not all. The curiosity and the quest to find the answers often result in more theories. Here we present 3 astonishing cosmological models about the universe. After all these are still theories as none has been proved yet. 1.White Holes You must have heard about the Black Hole ( click here ). A black hole is the result of a star which has died, creating a highly dense and massive body which sucks in light and all other matter surrounding it. But where do all these matter and energy go? White holes are just opposite to black holes. Instead of sucking in, they spit out everything what the blackhole absorbs. It is an area in spacetime which couldn't take anything in but throw it out into its surrounding. This was an hypothetical model created using the concept of relativity. If one will be ever found in future, it might disprove many laws of ...

Memory is so fundamental to human behavior that any impairment to it can severely impact our daily life. Did it ever happen that you forgot the name of the person you just met? How do we remember some stuffs for decades and some fade after a few moments? What actually is that makes the difference between long-lasting memories and volatile ones? After several tests on mouse, Caltech researchers have finally discovered that the strong memories are results of the synchronized "teams of neurons" that provide redundancy to retain memories over long time. The team of researchers developed a test to study mice's neural activity as their brain resembles that of human in many ways. The result showed that more the quantity of neurons, longer will the memory last. For years, people believe that practicing an action more, brings better chance to remember it later as the conventional theories about  human memory storage say that making a memory more stable requires the s...

We all are living in a world full of interesting facts and mind blowing stories, and for many of us, one of the most questionable statement is the -"CREATION OF THE UNIVERSE". We live in a beautiful blue planet, earth but why are we here? Why is this so? Why the universe is in the way that it is?? Almost every religions believe that the god, a super power led to creation of us. Lord Krishna has the whole universe in his mouth, African god 'Mbombo' vomited the universe and there are infinitely many never-ending stories about God all over the planet but all are not acceptable. Different stories across the world lead to the two theories explaining the creation of the Universe: 1) Steady State Theory 2) Big Bang Theory Steady-state Theory Some scholars believe in the Steady State Theory. According to this theory, Universe was always the same. It has neither the beginning nor the end. This theory insists on the constant density of the universe. As we kno...

Don't be fooled by its name. A black hole is not really a hole as its name suggests. Before diving into the topic let's first be familiar with a few terms. Image of a Black Hole Escape velocity - The lowest velocity with which when an object is thrown from any cosmic body [planets, stars etc] escapes or moves out of its gravitational pull. The escape velocity of the Earth is 11.2 Km/s. Event Horizon - The boundary after which no light or other radiation can move out after striking a black hole. Light cant escape out completely from the pull of a black hole but it does come to a certain limit, that's event horizon of a black hole. A Black Hole is a super dense, massive object with an infinitesimally small volume having escape velocity higher than the velocity of light. And nothing can move faster than light so, nothing can escape out of a black hole. This is the reason it appears completely dark because even light can't reflect back from it. Think of a star...

One can question the existence of the God, the almighty, but can't question the belief of the people. The most controversial topic of current time and the never ending debate between religion and science- THE EXISTENCE OF THE GOD. We all must have heard one or more of the words: God, Allah, Bhagwan, the Almighty, Ishwar etc since the day we stepped into this massive universe. These all point to the same power, the supreme one. The power that drives the universe, that drives you and me and every other creature. The force that exists within each and every elementary particle. Some people having keen interest to question all the things around them, known as Scientist, believe what they see and what get through various complex equations. And 'the existence of the God' too didn't remain untouched. Perhaps, there is nothing wrong in finding what's hidden inside the nature's womb. It just get us closer to the mighty universe. That's what a scientist alw...

A flaw has been identified in the popular app ‘WhatsApp’ that could allow crackers to manipulate messages raising the possibility of wrong information being spread by what seems to be a trusted source. Researchers have found three potential flaws that can be used to alter conversations. One, by the "Quote" feature in a group chat to change the appearance of the identity of a sender. Second lets a hacker replace the actual text of someone else’s reply with the wrong one. And the other, which has been fixed, can let a person send a private message to another group participant disguised as a public message to all members. So, when the targeted individual responds, it is visible to everyone in the group. The flaws might have weird consequences because 1.5 billion persons use the app for personal conversations, business and political purposes. For own safety update the 'Whatsapp' to the latest version as soon it's available on Play Store or App store.

If you are the one among the Android phone users, you must have been lured by the Apps  present on play store or the other third-party websites. Because these Applications are free doesn't really mean you don't have to pay for it. Now days the most important thing to sustain in the digital world are the Data and Information. Yes, you got it right, these apps are harvesting your personal data in return for some services. The funny thing is that we are the one who actually give them the accessibility to use our data. We don't think twice before we allow the permissions, these apps ask for. These data include phone's gallery, location history & live location access, wi-fi and Bluetooth information, Mobile data details, cloud access, phone and messaging details, browsing history and many more. For example a Flashlight App on Play Store may ask for the following data: Do you rally believe these permissions are required just for a simple service like Torch(fl...

As we have stepped into the Digital Era, the data and information have became one of the most important things in life. Strictly speaking, we depend on data like we do on our brain. And storing these tons of data securely is the biggest issue. Here comes the role of Secure Digital storage devices e.g. SD(Secure Digital) card, SS(Solid State) drives, Flash drives, Pen Drives, micro SD cards etc. You must have used these storing devices, but did you ever wondered how come these tiny chips let you enjoy colorful pictures and videos and other information when inserted into your mobile phones , camera, tablets, PCs etc.? Don't worry here we are to inform you. Before diving into it, we must be aware of some fundamentals of Digital Storage. Digital storage devices store data in the form of bits i.e. 0 and 1. For example, suppose we have to store an alphabet 'G', then it will be converted into a code containing a series of 0 & 1, also known as ASCII(American Standar...

String theory  We rely on string theory to understand and to combine the quantum theory and the gravity. As the name suggests, whole theory is based on string like structures. The one dimensional objects which only have length. The lies and move through background spacetime. The advance version of string theory i.e. superstring theory is considered as THEORY OF EVERYTHING . So what string theory exactly is ??? Strings are one dimensional objects that contain energy and by there flow, one can say that energy is moving. Suppose we take a long thread and tie a knot, it will became a loop, similarly strings are joined to make a loop known as Heterotic string. These are 5 independent strings theories, telling the same thing but in different dimensions. Combination of all the 5 string theories is known as S uperstring theory . Let us see how  it works... Consider a violin, the strings attached to it, are producing waves, which are the source of energy. Havin...

1. Why there are curls drawn at the center of moving turbine in an airplane jet engine? Ans. You must be aware of the fact that the jet engines of any commercial airplane are capable of sucking an adult if he/she passes before it. The human body cuts into pieces and a red soup like thing drains out from the back of the jet engine. To avoid this type of accident, and to inform the workers whether the engine is ON or not, a curl is drawn in the front which when rotates seems like a spinning whirlpool. It also helps in keeping out birds. 2.Why lights in the passenger cabin dims during take-off and landing? Ans. If you have ever been in an airplane, you must have observed that the lights inside the passenger cabin are dimmed during take-off and landing, at night. This is because of the fact that 80% of air accidents occur during take-off and landing. And our eyes might take about 10 mins to adapt in the darkness after a sudden light-off condition. To aid the chances of surv...

After the successful launch of chandrayan-2 ISRO is planning to cement its another pillar in the area of Aerospace. India is setting its foot on the Moon, then why leave the Life-giver, the Sun unexplored. Yes, you heard it right India is planning a new mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft named, " Aditya-L1 " (Aditya means the Sun)  has been chosen for this purpose. The mission will probably be started by the end of 2020. Things you must know about Aditya L1. It was originally named Aditya-1, which was made to carry just one payload, VELC (Visible Emision Line Coronogaph). Aditya-1 was a 400 kg satellite scheduled to be launched at 800 km from earth surface in low earth orbit. Later it was realized that if it is launched at " Lagarangian point ", it will be fee from any hinderance e.g. eclipse. Then the mission name was named Aditya L1 mission . [Lagarangian point is a point between earth and sun where the satellite will lie stably rel...

Did you know these interesting facts??? 1.A human can snore louder than a drilling machine. 2.Our tongue prints are unique just like our fingerprints. 3.The electricity generated in our brain is capable enough to light a small bulb. 4.the hair present on a human head can lift weight up to 10 tonnes. 5.Our body contain enough iron to make small nail. 6.We can't sneeze with both our eyes opened. 7.Almost 8% human in the world are color blind. 8.We shiver in cold because it generates heat. 9.When you sneeze, your heart stops for a milisecond. So, when someone says, "God bless you" after you sneeze, he/she really cares for you. 10.Every human spent about half an hour as a single cell in the womb.

As the technology, in the area of space, is enhancing at an accelerating pace , it is not wrong to say that the "Future lies above". Of course the wars of future will be fought in completely different ways. And despite being a developing nation, India always has courage to try new things and rival the strongest nation. After Trump floated the idea of establishing a "Space Force", India also plans to tackle future threats from space from its rival countries China and Pakistan. After " IndSpaceEx " session, conducted by Ministry Of Defense on July 25th-26th,2019, India plans to get a separate agency to tackle space threats, named DSRA (Defense Space Research Organization). "IndSpaeEx" was India's first ever simulated space warfare exercise that shows its seriousness to counter threats to its space assets. It was basically a 'table top war-game with all military and scientific communities taking part in it. The idea of ...

Modi government has always been coming up with surprises since 2014. And when the president of BJP , Amit Shah, is itself the Home Minister of India, it's no wonder why Kashmir issue is on the top. The bureaucrats, politicians, anti-parties and the whole Kashmir have got their eyes open after a long nap. They are so active that fire can be seen from a distance. Now Amit Shah seemingly ordered to send 10,000 Army personnel for 'counter-insurgency' and to maintain law and order in the valley. This might be the beginning of possible scraping of the Article 35-A. Kashmir based politicians, PDP chief Mehbooba Mufti, ' Tukde Gangs ' etc. are criticizing this move of GOI, flooding twitter and social media about its possible effects. The rumors shot by bureaucrats for a long haul of uncertainty are further adding the fuel. What is Article 35-A? Article 35-A is a provision added in the COI that gives special rights and privileges in Public Sector jobs, ac...

Now days , we all are familiar with the satellites wandering over our head and squeezing out information about our positions and locations. Of course it has made our life easier in most possible ways. But what will you say if these modern robots start spying on you? Will you really appreciate the beauty of technology when you are under 24x7 surveillance? Satellite companies say that they keep a everyone's data separate from any spying characteristics, but Peter Martinez of the Secure World Foundation told MIT Technology Review that it doesn't matter. Martinez said satellites don't need to identify faces to identify someone. If they can combine the images with data streams from sources like GPS, security cameras and social media posts, it's enough for them. Obviously government has defined rules and regulations but the breaches are as normal as a normal issue in this digital era. Ever wondered why satellite imagery is getting closer to a level that investor...

India’s second mission to the moon is more advanced than the first. The space shuttle will explore the southern part of the moon making India the first country to do so. It will carry 13 satellites with total weight of about 3.8 tones, Sivan said. Chandrayaan-2 is India’s second lunar mission with three modules 1.The Orbiter 2.Vikram, The lander and 3.Pragyan, the Rover The Orbiter and Lander will be mechanically stacked together as an integrated module inside the launch vehicle, GSLV Mk-III aka "The Bahubali". This mission is being refered as the most complex one ever undertaken by ISRO. Pragyan* will make a soft landing on lunar surface unlike it predecessor the Chandrayan-1. The mission cost of Chandrayaan-2 with regard to the satellite was Rs 603 crore. The cost of GSLV MK III is Rs 375 crore. this is India’s first interplanetary mission to be steered by two women, M Vanitha as Project Director and Ritu Karidhal as Mission Director. The scientists of ...